KẾT QUẢ TẠO HÌNH THÂN ĐỐT SỐNG BẰNG BƠM XI MĂNG SINH HỌC CÓ BÓNG CHO BỆNH NHÂN XẸP ĐỐT SỐNG NGỰC DO LOÃNG XƯƠNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN VIỆT ĐỨC

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of balloon kyphoplasty for patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures at Viet Duc University Hospital. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of 87 patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures who underwent vertebral body augmentation with balloon-assisted bone cement injection at Viet Duc Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023. Results: Among the 87 patients in our study, the majority were female (67.8%), with an average age of 63.2 ± 10.1 years. On X-ray, most patients had a single vertebral injury (86.2%). The average T-score was -3.7 ± 0.4. On MRI, all patients (100%) showed vertebral body edema, 2.0% had posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injuries, and 18.2% presented signal alterations (low signal on T1W and high signal on T2W). Surgical Technique Characteristics: In 72.7% of cases, the needle was inserted transpedicularly, and 87.9% of cases involved bilateral needle insertion, with an average cement volume of 4.0 ± 1.2ml. Surgical Complications: 4.6% of patients experienced intercostal neuralgia, and 27.6% had cement leakage near the vertebrae, but no patients had severe complications. Postoperative Clinical Outcomes: Patients’ VAS scores significantly decreased compared to preoperative levels at 24 hours, 1 month, and 12 months post-surgery, with P < 0.001. MacNab scores were predominantly in the very good and good categories postoperatively, with no patients in the poor category. Conclusion: Balloon kyphoplasty for patients with osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures provides significant clinical benefits, is a safe method, and helps restore vertebral height while reducing the rate of cement leakage complications.