ÐẶC ÐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG BỆNH NHI HO GÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: Describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children with whooping cough at the National Children's Hospital. Subjects and methods: Children under 16 years old were diagnosed with whooping cough and treated at the National Children's Hospital. A prospective descriptive study of a series of cases was conducted from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Results: Common clinical characteristics in children with whooping cough include the triad: increasing cough (99.7%), paroxysmal cough (97.9%), increased sputum secretion after coughing (96.6%). 69.9% of children with the disease had symptoms of cyanosis, only 6.0% of children had wheezing. Some common complications are pneumonia (48.7%), respiratory failure (34.6%). Increased pulmonary artery pressure is a serious complication that can be life-threatening with an incidence of 9.7%. Children under 4 months often have symptoms of cyanosis, apnea, and complications of pneumonia and respiratory failure. WBC and lymphocytes increases gradually from the end of the first week, peaks in the second week, and decreases gradually from the third week of the disease. The main lesion on chest X-ray is the image of increased density of the bronchial branches next to the heart on both sides (58.1%). Conclusion: Whooping cough patients often present with increasing cough, cyanosis and respiratory arrest. Severe illness often leads to pneumonia, respiratory failure and death. Paraclinical signs include a gradual decrease in total leukocytes and lymphocytes, and lung lesions on X-rays.