SỰ ĐIỀU CHỈNH TÂM LÍ VÀ MỐI QUAN HỆ CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG CÓ HẬU MÔN NHÂN TẠO VÀ NGƯỜI CHĂM SÓC

Abstract

Background: A stoma following colorectal cancer treatment significantly impacts patients' psychology and family relationships. This study aims to explore psychological adjustment in colorectal cancer patients with a stoma and adjustments in family relationships. Objectives: The evaluation of the psychological and relational adjustment of colorectal cancer patients with a stoma and their caregivers. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional design with 83 patients and caregivers participating from March to May 2024. Psychological adjustment was assessed using the “Ostomy Adjustment Inventory 23,” and relationship adjustment was measured with the “Dyadic Adjustment Scale 7.” Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0, employing descriptive statistics to determine levels of psychological and relational adjustment. T-tests and ANOVA were conducted to identify differences in adjustment scores based on demographic characteristics of patients and caregivers. Results: The mean psychological adjustment score for colorectal cancer patients with a stoma was 42.9 ± 13.0, while the relationship adjustment score was 29.0 ± 5.1. The average relationship adjustment score for caregivers was 29.5 ± 5.3. Factors such as education (p=0.015), type of stoma (p=0.017), economic (p=0.002), employment (p=0.018), and caregiving hour (p=0.03) were significantly associated with relationship adjustment. Conclusions: Colorectal cancer patients with a stoma demonstrated moderate psychological adjustment and positive relational adjustment. Psychology support and guidance are needed to help both patients and caregivers better adapt to the challenges of a permanent stoma.