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PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
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Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by reduced thyroid gland function, leading to insufficient production of thyroid hormone to meet the body's needs. Patients with hypothyroidism coexisting with diabetes and chronic kidney disease face challenges in blood glucose control and a rapid decline in kidney function. However, in Vietnam, data on the prevalence and predictors contributing to hypothyroidism in individuals with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to provide critical insights into this issue, thereby supporting the improvement of healthcare for affected patients. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of hypothyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes accompanied by chronic kidney disease at stages 3 to 5 (with or without dialysis), receiving outpatient treatment at the Endocrinology–Nephrology and Dialysis Clinic of Gia Định People's Hospital from November 2022 to October 2023. Result: The study collected data from 136 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, revealing a hypothyroidism prevalence of 16,9%, with all cases being subclinical hypothyroidism. The prevalence of hypothyroidism increased with the severity of proteinuria, accounting for 15,6% in microalbuminuria and 50.0% in macroalbuminuria (p = 0,001). Additionally, individuals with HbA1c levels ≥ 10% had a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism compared to those with HbA1c levels < 10% (p = 0,005). Multivariate regression analysis identified several predictors for hypothyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, including BMI ≥ 23 kg/m² (OR = 4,64; p = 0,012) and smoking (OR = 9,23; p = 0,008). Conclusion: The study highlights a significant prevalence of hypothyroidism among patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Early screening for hypothyroidism is essential in this population, particularly for individuals with a BMI ≥ 23 kg/m² and smoking habits.
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Keywords
Hypothyroidism, Type 2 Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease
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