ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA NGƯỜI GIÀ GÃY LIÊN MẤU CHUYỂN XƯƠNG ĐÙI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

Introduction: Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are one of the most common injuries in the elderly, causing serious health impacts. The objective of the study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures at at University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 47 patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated from January 2021 to August 2022. Data were collected on age, gender, BMI, trauma mechanism, comorbidities, and osteoporosis risk factors. Results: The mean age was 82.8 ± 10.7 years, with 95.7% being elderly patients (≥60 years), and the very elderly group (≥80 years) accounting for 63.8%. The female-to-male ratio was 2.6:1, with females having a significantly higher mean age (84.7 years) compared to males (77.8 years) (p=0.046). Low BMI (<19) was found in 23.4% of patients, predominantly in females. The majority (93.6%) suffered fractures from low-energy falls. The comorbidity rate was high (93.6%), including hypertension (72.3%), chronic kidney disease (36.2%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (25.5%). Only 6.4% had undergone osteoporosis screening before trauma. Among those screened, all had severe osteoporosis with T-scores below -2.5. Time from injury to hospital admission was delayed in 53.2% of cases (5-7 days). Conclusions: Intertrochanteric fractures predominantly affect elderly patients, particularly females over 80 years old. Low-energy falls were the main trauma mechanism. The high rate of comorbidities coupled with low osteoporosis screening rates suggests the need for enhanced screening and prevention strategies in the elderly population.