ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA TRẺ BẠI NÃO DƯỚI 18 TUỔI Ở MỘT SỐ CƠ SỞ CHĂM SÓC Y TẾ TẠI HÀ NỘI NĂM 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of children with cerebral palsy under 18 years old in some health facilities in Hanoi in 2024. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 57 participants with cerebral palsy under 18 years old being treating at the Thuy An Rehabilitation Center for People with disabilities in Ba Vi, the Dung Hoa Rehabilitation Center and the Cerebral Palsy Family Association Vietnam. Children were examined according to the Examination Form including general information of the child (age, gender) and clinical examination. Results: The majority of children were diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, accounting for 82,4%, with spastic quadriplegia being the most prevalent type (66,7%). Speech impairment was the most common (47,4%), followed by intellectual disabilities (45,6%), hearing and vision impairments (31,6% và 21,5%), and the lowest is psychiatric disorders (5,3%). According to the GMFCS classification, most children were at levels from moderate to severe (III–V), comprising 89,5%. Based on the EDAC classification, most children are at mild to moderate level (I - III) accounting for 77,2%. According to the CFCS classification, the majority of children were at level IV (26,3%). The Mini-MACS/MACS classification showed that most children were at level II (26,3%). Up to 45,6% of children are malnourished. 5,3% of children are overweight, no children are obese. Contractures, constipation and bronchitis are the complications with the highest rate in the groups of musculoskeletal complications, digestive and nutritional complications, respiratory complications. Conclusion: Children with cerebral palsy exhibit a wide range of clinical characteristics affecting various organ systems to different degrees. Therefore, it is crucial to assess children with cerebral palsy thoroughly to avoid overlooking disabilities and complications, particularly those related to nutrition, constipation, and bronchitis, to develop appropriate and comprehensive rehabilitation plans.