MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA KẾT QUẢ NỘI SOI TIẾP XÚC TĂNG CƯỜNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ MÔ BỆNH HỌC TỔN THƯƠNG TIỀN UNG THƯ VÀ UNG THƯ THANH QUẢN

Abstract

Objective: Comparison of image-enhanced contact endoscopy results with histopathological findings in precancerous lesions and laryngeal cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study evaluated enhanced contact endoscopy (ECE) images, classified into four types based on Puxeddu's classification. Patients diagnosed with laryngeal tumors underwent ECE under endotracheal anesthesia, followed by tumor specimen collection for histopathological analysis. The characteristics of the endoscopic images were then compared with histopathological findings. Results: A total of 91 lesions from 86 patients were included in the study, conducted between August 1, 2023, and September 30, 2024. Among these, 49 lesions were identified as severe dysplastic or cancerous, accounting for 53.8%; 8 lesions were classified as mild to moderate dysplastic, representing 8.8%; and 22 lesions were hyperplastic, comprising 24.2%. Within the severe dysplastic/cancerous group, 42 lesions were classified as grade IV on ECE, accounting for 85.7%, while 6 lesions were grade III, representing 12.2%. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of grade IV ECE images for identifying cancerous or severe dysplastic lesions were 90.1%, 85.7%, 95.2%, 95.5%, and 85.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Enhanced contact endoscopy is a reliable and effective tool for the early detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the larynx.