STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ACTIVE PHASE OF LABOR AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN FULL-TERM PREGNANT WOMEN AT CAN THO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY HOSPITAL

Hằng Hồ Thị Thu, Vy Lê Thị Tường, Vĩ Ngũ Quốc

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Abstract

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of the active phase of labor, investigate related factors, and assess pregnancy outcomes in full-term pregnant women at Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2023–2024. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 196 full-term pregnant women in the active phase of labor admitted to Can Tho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from March 2023 to April 2024. Results: The average maternal age was 28.53 ± 5.17 years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.1 ± 2.7 kg/m². The amniotic membrane remained intact in 60.7% of cases, while 39.3% experienced rupture of membranes. The average time for cervical dilation of 1 cm was 32.91 ± 23.65 minutes in vaginal deliveries and 116.10 ± 94.83 minutes/cm in cesarean deliveries. Fetal station distribution: 21.9% were unengaged, while 78.1% had fetal stations ranging from 0 to +2. Cervical edema was observed in 32.1%, while 67.9% had no edema. The anterior fetal position was present in 83.2%, while 16.8% were in posterior or transverse positions. The average cervical dilation time from 3 to 5 cm was 180.21 ± 134.66 minutes, and from 5 to 10 cm was 166.60 ± 117.35 minutes. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, 74.0% had vaginal deliveries, while 26.0% underwent cesarean sections. Cesarean deliveries at 4 cm cervical dilation accounted for 7.8% of cases. Postpartum complications included hemorrhage (1.0%), genital tract injury (0.5%), and infection (0.5%). The average neonatal birth weight was 3,116.94 ± 351.15 g. Neonatal unit admissions occurred in 5.1% of cases due to respiratory distress (3.1%), infection (1%), and birth trauma (1%). Conclusion: The mean time for cervical dilation from 3 to 5 cm was 180.21 minutes, longer than the time from 5 to 10 cm (166.60 minutes). Cesarean sections performed at 4 cm cervical dilation accounted for only 7.8% of cases. Factors associated with pregnancy outcomes included parity, membrane status (intact or ruptured), cervical edema, and fetal position.

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