GIÁ TRỊ CỦA XÉT NGHIỆM NHUỘM LUGOL 3% TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN LOẠN SẢN VÀ UNG THƯ NIÊM MẠC MIỆNG

Abstract

Objectives: The mortality rate of oral mucosal carcinoma is closely related to the time of detection. However, early diagnosis can be challenging due to the often-vague symptoms of the lesions in these initial stages.  Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of Lugol 3% staining in identifying dysplastic lesions and oral mucosal carcinoma (OMC). Materials and methods: 89 patients visited Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital from April 2023 to April 2024 with oral mucosal lesions clinically diagnosed as potentially malignant disorders or suspected cancer and underwent biopsy for histopathology examination. Results: There were 16 cases clinically diagnosed as oral potentially malignant disorder (18%), and 73 cases suspected of having cancer (82%). The application of Lugol 3% staining demonstrated promising diagnostic potential for dysplasia and OMC, with a sensitivity of 89.9%, specificity of 70.0%, positive predictive value of 91.2%, and negative predictive value of 66.7%. However, clinical factors such as lesion site and type could influence test outcomes, necessitating cautious visual interpretation. Conclusion: With its simplicity, non-invasive nature, safety, and high sensitivity, Lugol 3% staining of the oral mucosa appears feasible for widespread implementation in OMC screening programs in Vietnam.