KẾT CỤC CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP HPV NGUY CƠ CAO DƯƠNG TÍNH BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP TỰ LẤY MẪU Ở PHỤ NỮ: MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU CẮT NGANG TRÊN CỘNG ĐỒNG TẠI TP. HCM 2024

Abstract

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO, 2022) has recommended HPV testing as the first-line screening method for cervical cancer in women worldwide. Determining the rate of cellular abnormalities and pathological anatomy in patients with positive HPV self-sampling will help evaluate the effectiveness of this screening method. Research objectives: To determine the rate of cellular abnormalities and pathological anatomy in women positive for high-risk HPV strains. Research methods: This is a case series study involving 48 women who tested positive for high-risk HPV among 775 women who performed self-sampling. Participants were selected using probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling from the community from January 2024 to December 2024. Results: The cytological abnormality rate (from ASC-US and above) in 48 women positive for high-risk HPV strains was 29.2% (95% CI: 16.3–42.0). The pathological anatomy rate (CIN2+) was 50% (95% CI: 21.7–78.3). Conclusion: Cytological abnormalities were highest in infections with 12 high-risk HPV types (other than HPV-16 and HPV-18). However, individuals infected with these 12 high-risk HPV types had a malignant pathological rate only 0.09 times that of those uninfected. Thus, HPV vaccination, even with bivalent vaccines (targeting HPV-16 and HPV-18), may provide sufficient protection for women.