ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ BƯỚC ĐẦU CỦA PHƯƠNG PHÁP CẮT TÁCH DƯỚI NIÊM MẠC QUA NỘI SOI ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ BIỂU MÔ TẾ BÀO VẢY THỰC QUẢN GIAI ĐOẠN SỚM

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Subject and Method: A retrospective and prospective descriptive study was conducted on 44 patients with early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent ESD at the 108 Military Central Hospital, from March 2023 to December 2024. Patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months post-intervention, with endoscopic assessments of scar healing, recurrence, and post-procedural complications. Results: The study included 41 patients with a mean age of 60.09 ± 7.93 years, 100% patients were male. The mean lesion size was 26.35 ± 11.77 mm, with 88.64% of patients having a single lesion, predominantly located in the middle third of the esophagus (55.10%). Most lesions were classified as type 0-IIb (93.88%), with a majority of type B1 patterns (63.27%). The mean ESD procedure duration was 62.16 ± 19.63 minutes. The resection was 100% en bloc, with negative basal margins and negative lateral margins in 97.73% of cases. Procedural complications included pneumoperitoneum (2.27%), with no cases of perforation, bleeding, or infection. of patients upon follow-up. At the 3- and 6-month follow-ups, 3 cases (6.82%) have esophageal stenosis, while complete scar healing was observed in 100% of patients, with no recurrence reported. Conclusion: ESD is an effective and safe intervention for the treatment of dysplasia lesions and early-stage esophageal cancer, demonstrating favorable outcomes with minimal complications.