ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ, LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA VIÊM PHỔI NHIỄM HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRẺ EM HẢI PHÒNG GIAI ĐOẠN 2022-2024

Abstract

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical characteristics of Human Adenovirus (HAdV)-infected pneumonia at Hai Phong Children's Hospital from October 1, 2022, to September 30, 2024. Subjects and Methods: This study is a case series utilizing a convenience sampling method, with a total sample size consisting of all pediatric patients diagnosed with HAdV-infected pneumonia during the study period. Results: A total of 86 cases were studied. The male-to-female ratio was approximately 2.2:1. The majority of patients presented with high fever (≥39°C) (93.4%) and prolonged fever lasting ≥5 days (95.3%). The most common respiratory symptoms included cough, runny nose, tachypnea, and lung crackles. Extrapulmonary symptoms observed in a significant proportion of patients included erythematous, swollen tonsils, conjunctivitis, skin erythema, vomiting, and diarrhea. Most pediatric patients exhibited an elevated white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Anemia was present in 36.1% of cases, primarily of mild severity. Chest X-ray findings revealed diverse lung lesions, with interstitial lung changes being the most prevalent (65.1%). Conclusion: HAdV pneumonia is a severe lower respiratory tract infection characterized by prolonged high fever and varied lung damage, with interstitial lung involvement being the most common. It is crucial to identify common extrapulmonary symptoms such as erythematous, swollen tonsils, conjunctivitis, skin erythema, vomiting, and diarrhea to facilitate the early diagnosis of pediatric patients with HAdV-infected pneumonia.