NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN RỐI LOẠN LIPID MÁU Ở BỆNH NHÂN NGUY CƠ TIM MẠCH CAO, RẤT CAO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of dyslipidemia and some related factors in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 80 patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk who visited the Outpatient Clinic of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2024 to January 2025. All patients underwent clinical examinations to record risk factors, blood lipid testing, and analysis of related factors. Results: male accounted for 33.8% of the study population, with an average age of 62.36 ± 10.49 years. Among the participants, 70.0% had high cardiovascular risk, and 30.0% had very high cardiovascular risk. Patients with very high cardiovascular risk had a higher prevalence of elevated total cholesterol (58.3% vs. 28.6%) and LDL cholesterol (70.8% vs. 48.2%) compared to those with high cardiovascular risk. The prevalence of elevated LDL cholesterol was significantly higher in patients who smoked (47.7% vs. 2.8%), consumed alcohol (47.7% vs. 0.0%), were overweight or obese (47.7% vs. 22.2%), or had diabetes mellitus (36.4% vs. 13.9%) compared to those without these risk factors.  Conclusion: patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk had a high prevalence of dyslipidemia, mainly characterized by elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight/obesity, and diabetes mellitus were associated with increased LDL cholesterol levels.