PHÂN BỐ KIỂU GEN HPV Ở PHỤ NỮ THAM GIA SÀNG LỌC UNG THƯ CỔ TỬ CUNG TẠI VIỆT NAM

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection and the distribution of HPV genotypes in women undergoing cervical cancer screening. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2,346 women screened using the HPV DNA test at Hanoi Medical University Hospital and Vietnam Military Medical Academy from October 2021 to October 2024. The Multiplex-PCR and Nested-PCR methods were used to determine HPV genotypes. Results: The HPV infection rate was 28%, with single infections accounting for two-thirds of cases. There was an age-related distribution pattern among individuals with single and multiple HPV infections. Among the 40 HPV types surveyed, 21 were detected, with HPV 16 having the highest prevalence (11.7%). Conclusion: The study shows that the prevalence of HPV infection among women undergoing cervical cancer screening is 28%, with single infections being the most common, occurring across all age groups, particularly between 18 and 50 years old. Among the detected types, HPV type 16 has the highest prevalence, followed by type 18 and type 58.