NGHIÊN CỨU TỈ LỆ MANG GEN CAGA CỦA VI KHUẨN HELICOBACTER PYLORI VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI MỘT SỐ BỆNH LÝ TIÊU HOÁ TRÊN

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the association between the cagA gene and upper gastrointestinal diseases. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 64 patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from January 2024 to January 2025. Results: General characteristics showed a majority of female participants (56.2%), with an average age of 39.5 ± 12.8, smoking history and alcohol use was quite low (14.1%, 18.8% respectively). The proportion of patients with a BMI ≥ 23 was 62.5%. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a high prevalence of erythematous gastritis (65.6%), primarily concentrated in the antrum (81.3%), and a relatively high rate of erosive esophagitis (57.8%). The proportion of H. pylori carrying the cagA gene was 76.6%. BMI, the localization of gastritis, and the cagA gene were associated with erosive esophagitis, with statistically significant differences (all p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the cagA gene and the localization of gastritis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori carrying the cagA gene is relatively high. The study results indicate an association between factors such as BMI, cagA gene, and the localization of gastritis with erosive esophagitis.