INCREASED SERUM LEPTIN CONCENTRATIONS WITH RISK OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
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Abstract
Background: Serum leptin concentration in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is significantly higher compared to healthy pregnant women. Higher levels of serum leptin may be a risk factor as well as a potential biomarker in predicting for GDM. Objectives: Evaluate the increase in serum leptin concentration with the risk of GDM. Materials and methods: A case-control study on pregnant women at 24-28 weeks who underwent a OGTT 75g-2 hour at Can Tho Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology. GDM was diagnosed according to the ADA and Vietnam Ministry of Health 2018 criteria, with 68 pregnant women for each group. Serum leptin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The serum leptin concentration in GDM group was 9.45 ± 6.33 ng/ml, in non-GDM group was 7.52 ± 4.52 ng/ml, the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.043). Pregnant women with serum leptin levels ≥ 10.3 ng/ml had a higher risk of GDM than pregnant women with levels < 10.3 ng/ml, however, there was no statistically significant difference with p>0.05 (OR=1.97 (95% CI 0.94-4.16). Pregnant women who are normal weight have increased leptin levels will have an increased risk of GDM (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.11-6.51), pregnant women who are overweight or obese and have increased leptin concentration will have an increased risk of GDM with OR=3.68 (95% CI 1.07–14.02). Conclusion: The study showed that serum leptin concentration in GDM is higher than in the non-GDM with statistically significant difference. However, the study did not find a association between elevated leptin levels and the risk of GDM.
Article Details
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM, serum leptin
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