MỘT SỐ DẤU ẤN HBEAG, ANTI-HBE, HBCRAG, HBV-DNA Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM GAN B MẠN CHƯA ĐIỀU TRỊ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

Background: Several serological markers have been evaluated for their association with disease severity and have significance in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Objective: To investigate certain serological markers HBeAg, anti-HBe, HBcrAg levels, HBV-DNA and related factors in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B at S.I.S Can Tho International General Hospital from 2023 to 2025. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components conducted on 100 patients with confirmed diagnoses of untreated chronic hepatitis B who visited the Gastroenterology Clinic at S.I.S Can Tho International General Hospital from July 2024 to February 2025. The patients underwent qualitative testing for HBeAg and anti-HBe, quantitative measurement of HBcrAg, and assessment of HBV-DNA viral load. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The proportion of patients who HBeAg(+) was 26,0%, anti-HBe(+) was 74,0%, HBcrAg(+) was 80,0%, and HBV-DNA(+) was 97,0%. The mean age of the study population was 48,44±13,1 years, Males were slightly more predominant (51,0%) compared to females (49,0%), and the majority of participants resided in rural areas (76,0%). Among patients with HBeAg(+), the mean ALT activity was 83,5±115,7 U/L, AST was 62,9±63,5 U/L, and the mean concentrations of HBcrAg and HBV-DNA were 7,45±1,45 logU/mL and 5,89±2,47 log₁₀ IU/mL. Conclusion: The proportion of chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg(+) was 26,0%, while those with HBeAg(-) made up 74,0%. Patients in the HBeAg(+) group were younger than those in the HBeAg(-) group, with an OR=3,37 (p=0,01). No statistically significant association were found in HBeAg status regarding gender, residence, AST and ALT levels. The mean concentrations of HBcrAg and HBV-DNA were significantly higher in the HBeAg(+) group than in the HBeAg(-) group (p<0,001).