MÔ TẢ THỰC TRẠNG THAY ĐỔI MỨC ĐỘ GẮNG SỨC TIM MẠCH VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN SAU PHẪU THUẬT VAN TIM VÀ BẮC CẦU MẠCH VÀNH

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death, affecting 612 million people worldwide. After surgery, patients face prolonged recovery, which impacts their quality of life. Objectives: To describe the changes in cardiovascular effort, quality of life, and related factors in patients after heart valve and coronary artery bypass surgery. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study on 35 patients after heart valve surgery and 35 after coronary artery bypass surgery at the Rehabilitation Hospital for Occupational Diseases from January 2023 to October 2024. Results: The study found no significant differences between the patients after heart valve surgery and coronary artery bypass surgery. The 6MWT (305.2 ± 48.7 vs 303.6 ± 46.0), Peak VO2 (11.8 ± 2.4 vs 11.9 ± 3.3), MET (3.3 ± 0.7 vs 3.3 ± 1.2), and HRQoL (39.5 ± 7.2 vs 39.8 ± 7.1) showed no statistical differences. Advanced age and lighter occupations were associated with cardiovascular effort and quality of life. Conclusions: The current situation shows that cardiovascular effort and quality of life in post-surgery patients are generally low, especially among older patients or those with sedentary occupations. A comprehensive cardiovascular rehabilitation program should be developed to optimize recovery and improve the quality of life for both patient groups.