SUITABILITY OF THE HELICOBACTER PYLORI STOOL ANTIGEN TEST COMPARED TO THE RAPID UREASE TEST IN PATIENTS WITH ENDOSCOPIC FEATURES OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS

Hằng Đào Việt, Chim Phanha, Thương Nguyễn Thu, Long Đào Văn

Main Article Content

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive study assesses the diagnostic suitability of the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) stool antigen test compared to the rapid urease test in patients with endoscopic features of chronic gastritis classified according to the Kyoto score. The study was conducted on 40 patients at Hoang Long Clinic and Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology from August 2023 to May 2024. H. pylori infection was diagnosed using two methods: the rapid urease test (RUT) and the stool antigen test (SAT). The infection rates for H. pylori were 42.5% (RUT) and 32.5% (SAT), respectively, with a significant association between diffuse erythema and H. pylori infection diagnosed by SAT (p<0.05). Compared to RUT, SAT had a sensitivity and specificity of 58.8% and 87%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 76.9%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 76.1%, and an overall agreement of 75%. SAT can serve as a screening tool for suspected H. pylori infection but should be combined with another diagnostic method for accurate diagnosis.

Article Details

References

1. Li Y, Choi H, Leung K, Jiang F, Graham DY, Leung WK. Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection between 1980 and 2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The lancet Gastroenterology & hepatology.2023;8(6):553-64.
2. Chen Y-C, Malfertheiner P, Yu H-T, Kuo C-L, Chang Y-Y, Meng F-T, et al. Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and incidence of gastric cancer between 1980 and 2022. Gastroenterology. 2024;166(4):605-19.
3. Dao LV, Dao HV, Nguyen HT, Vu VT, Tran ATN, Dat VQ, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and eradication outcomes among Vietnamese patients in the same households: Findings from a non-randomized study. Plos one. 2021; 16(11):e0260454.
4. Quach DT, Mai BH, Tran MK, Dao LV, Tran HV, Vu KT, et al. Vietnam Association of Gastroenterology (VNAGE) consensus on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9:1065045.
5. Mizuho Medy Co. L. Helicobacter pylori antigen kit: Quick Chaser H. pylori [Available from: https://www.mizuho-m.co.jp/en/product/product _details/000640.php?iryou_en=1.
6. Phạm HK, Trần THT, Nguyễn QD, Vũ VK. Tần suất và các yếu tố độc lực của Helicobacter pylori ở bệnh nhân viêm dạ dày mạn. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2021;505(2).
7. Hường NT, Quang PMN, Thắng DM. Giá trị của thang điểm Kyoto trong chẩn đoán nhiễm Helicobacter pylori ở bệnh nhân viêm dạ dày mạn tính trên 60 tuổi. Journal of 108-Clinical Medicine and Phamarcy. 2023.
8. Kakiuchi T, Okuda M, Hashiguchi K, Imamura I, Nakayama A, Matsuo M. Evaluation of a novel stool antigen rapid test kit for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2019;57(3): 10.1128/jcm.01825-18.
9. Yagi K, Nakamura A, Sekine A. Characteristic endoscopic and magnified endoscopic findings in the normal stomach without Helicobacter pylori infection. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. 2002;17(1):39-45.
10. Qiu E, Li Z, Han S. Methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori from stool sample: current options and developments. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2021;52(4):2057-62.