THỰC TRẠNG ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ VI KHUẨN PHÂN LẬP TỪ BỆNH PHẨM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA QUỐC TẾ THU CÚC GIAI ĐOẠN 2022 – 2023

Abstract

Objectives: Describe the characteristics of common bacterial pathogens in respiratory infections and to assess the antibiotic resistance patterns of these bacteria at Thu Cuc International General Hospital during the period 2022-2023. Subjects and method: A cross – sectional descriptive study on microbiological data of 238 bacterial strains isolated from 227 respiratory specimen of patients treated at Thu Cuc International General Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Result: Gram-negative bacteria were the main cause of respiratory infections (72.3%), with the highest incidence of Haemophilus influenzae (35.3%) and Moraxella catarrhalis (31.9%). The most common Gram-positive agent was Streptococcus pneumoniae (18.5%). Resistance to frequently used antibiotics among respiratory pathogens, such as beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors and cephalosporins tends to increase. H.influenzae had a high rate of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (>90%) but was more than 80% sensitive to quinolone and carbapenem. M.catarrhalis remained highly sensitive to beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, sulfamethoxazole, tetracyclines, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones. S.pneumoniae showed 90.24% resistance to erythromycin and over 60% resistance to most beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor antibiotics, except for Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, which had 97.62% sensitivity and 2.38% intermediate levels. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria were the main cause of respiratory infections (72.3%), with the highest incidence of Haemophilus influenzae (35.3%) and Moraxella catarrhalis (31.9%). Resistance to frequently used antibiotics among respiratory pathogens, such as beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors and cephalosporins tends to increase. The rational and wise use of current antibiotics is strengthened.