NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH THIẾU MÁU Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH NON THÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Objectives: To describe common morbidities in preterm neonates admitted to Can Tho Children's Hospital from 2024 to 2025, determine the prevalence of anemia, and investigate its association with these conditions. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 115 preterm infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Department from March 2024 to March 2025. Results: The majority of neonates were admitted within the first 7 days of life (79.1%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.02:1. The mean gestational age was 33.5 ± 2.5 weeks, with 60.9% classified as late preterm, and the average birth weight was 2,108.7 ± 649.5 g. Among these infants, 65.2% experienced pathological apnea, 40% had neonatal jaundice, 28.7% were diagnosed with congenital heart disease, 24.3% developed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and 10.4% suffered from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Notably, 34.8% of preterm infants exhibited clinical signs of anemia. These anemic neonates had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight and were more likely to present with pathological apnea, respiratory distress, jaundice, and NEC compared to their non-anemic counterparts (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Anemia is a common problem in preterm infants, closely related to many disorders. Therefore, close monitoring and early intervention are needed to limit complications and improve prognosis.