TÌNH HÌNH NHIỄM VÀ ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHIỄM KHUẨN HÔ HẤP DƯỚI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Background: According to global and Vietnamese data, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly antibiotic-resistant pathogen, contributing to complications in infectious diseases, including lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Objective: To determine the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with LRTIs and assess the resistance rates of commonly used antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-related LRTIs. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 146 patients with LRTIs treated at Can Tho Central General Hospital from September 2024 to March 2025. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.75:1, with the majority of patients aged 60 years and older (75.3%). The smoking rate was relatively high, accounting for 58.2%. Common comorbidities included hypertension (79.8%) and diabetes mellitus (38.4%). Notably, 15.8% of patients had received corticosteroid treatment within the prior two weeks, and 54.8% had used antibiotics within the past 14 days. The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was 15.8%. Among patients infected with P. aeruginosa, the antibiotic resistance rate was notably high. Resistance to cephalosporins was 47.8% for ceftazidime and 65.2% for cefepime. Resistance rates to quinolones were also substantial, with 73.9% resistant to levofloxacin and 65.2% to ciprofloxacin. Within the carbapenem group, both imipenem and meropenem exhibited resistance rates of 60.9%. Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common causative agent in LRTIs, with extremely high resistance rates to cephalosporins, quinolones, and carbapenems in affected patients.