KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SỎI THẬN PHỨC TẠP BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP TÁN SỎI QUA DA ĐƯỜNG HẦM NHỎ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Mini - percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL) has gained widespread adoption, progressively replacing traditional open surgery as a preferred method for treating kidney stones due to its minimally invasive nature. Objective: To assess the efficacy and outcomes of Mini-PCNL in managing complex kidney stones at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and Methods: A descriptive case series study was conducted on patients diagnosed with complex kidney stones and treated with Mini-PCNL at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from January 2024 to January 2025. Results: 40 patients with complex kidney stones underwent Mini-PCNL. The cohort comprised 25 males and 15 females, with a mean age of 48.25 ± 10.32 years. Back pain was the primary reason for hospitalization, reported in 92.5% of cases. Stone surface area ranged from 400–799 mm² in 42.5% of cases and 800–1599 mm² in 35%. Puncture access was predominantly through the middle calyx group (77.5%), followed by the lower calyx group (7.5%). The average operative time was 85.3 ± 18.3 minutes, with no intraoperative complications observed. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 cases (5%). Post-surgery, the initial stone clearance rate was 42.5%, improving to 62.5% after a second nephrolithotomy. One month post-treatment, the overall stone clearance rate reached 75%. Favorable treatment outcomes were achieved in 57% of cases. Conclusions: Mini-PCNL proved to be an effective and safe approach for treating complex kidney stones, demonstrating a high stone clearance rate and minimal complications. This technique represents a significant advancement in the management of complicated kidney stone cases.