SỨC KHỎE TÂM THẦN Ở TRẺ 6 TUỔI TẠI THÁI NGUYÊN VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG

Abstract

Objective: To identify mental health problems (MHP) and analyze factors affecting mental health in 6-year-old children in Thai Nguyen province. Materials and Method: Cohort study on 6-year-old children whose mothers were supplemented with micronutrients before and during pregnancy in Thai Nguyen. Results: At age 6, the prevalence of MHP among children included: emotional problems (1.61%), behavioral problems (2.05%), hyperactivity (2.05%), peer relationship problems (7%), prosocial behaviours (8.5%), and overall difficulties (0.86%). The mother's education level, occupation, and ethnicity significantly influenced the child's MHP, with higher risks found in children whose mothers had lower education levels, worked in non-agricultural jobs, or belonged to ethnic minorities. An unfavorable family environment from age 1 increased the risk of overall difficulties (OR = 3.12), emotional problems (OR = 3.01), and peer relationship problems (OR = 2.15). By age 6, children in such environments continued to have a higher risk of behavioral problems (OR = 2.12), hyperactivity (OR = 1.87), peer relationship issues (OR = 1.54), and prosocial behaviours (OR = 1.83). Conclusion: The prevalence of MHP in children at age 6 ranges from 0.86% to 8.5%, with the highest rates being prosocial behaviours (8.5%) and peer relationship problems (7%). The mother's education level, occupation, and ethnicity significantly influence the mental health of 6-year-old children. Children living in low family environments at both ages 1 and 6 are at a higher risk of emotional, behavioral, hyperactivity, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behaviours at age 6.