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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PHENOTYPE AND CARBAPENEM RESISTANCE GENOTYPE OF SEVERAL GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103
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Abstract
Objective: Study the antimicrobial resistance phenotype and carbapenem resistance genotype of several Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients at Military Hospital 103 in 2023. Subject and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subject of the study was 129 Gram-negative bacteria strains, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from patients at Military Hospital 103 in 2023. Results: E. coli strains showed over 60.0% resistance to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin. K. pneumoniae strains exhibited resistance levels of 60.0% or more to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. A. baumannii strains illustrated over 50.0% resistance to all 11 tested antibiotics, including ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Similarly, P. aeruginosa strains displayed over 50.0% resistance to all 12 antibiotics, including ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin, and tobramycin. The proportion of multidrug resistance strains among all four Gram-negative bacteria in the study was over 60.0%. The proportion of multidrug resistance strains of E. coli was the highest, at 87.1%. The rate of bacteria harboring NDM, OXA, KPC, IMP, and VIM genes was 29,5%; 14,7%; 8,5%; 8,5%; and 0.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed that NDM and OXA were the most common carbapenem resistance genes found in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa at Military Hospital 103 in 2023. These bacteria had a very high rate of multidrug resistance strains. This is a serious issue for public health, requiring strict management of antibiotic usage and the strong implementation of infection control measures to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
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Keywords
antimicrobial resistance, carbapenem, bacteria
References
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