DIỄN TIẾN BỆNH LÝ NỀN TRONG THAI KỲ VÀ CÁC BIẾN CỐ SAU TIÊM LIÊN QUAN TIÊM CHỦNG VẮC-XIN UỐN VÁN, BẠCH HẦU GIẢM LIỀU, HO GÀ VÔ BÀO GIẢM LIỀU TRÊN THAI PHỤ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH VÀ BỆNH VIỆN NHÂN DÂN GIA ĐỊNH

Abstract

Background: Ertussis poses significant risks to infants, prompting the Vietnam Preventive Medicine Association to recommend, starting from 2020, administration of a single dose of tetanus, reduced-dose diphtheria, and reduced-dose acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to pregnant women between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation in each pregnancy. Despite multiple studies assessing immunogenicity in Vietnam, data regarding the safety of the Tdap vaccine in pregnancy remain limited. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the safety of the Tdap vaccine administered to pregnant women during pregnancy. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 484 pregnant women who received the Tdap vaccine between March 2023 and December 2023 at the University Medical Center and Gia Dinh People's Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City. Results: The incidence of maternal morbidity and disease progression post-vaccination did not significantly differ between those vaccinated with Tdap and those receiving VAT vaccines. Adverse events following immunization were observed in 50.36% of participants. Predominantly, local adverse events included injection-site pain (44.3%) and redness (3.9%), while fatigue (12.9%) was the most frequent systemic event. No severe (level 3) vaccine-related adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Administration of the Tdap vaccine during the second and third trimesters is safe and offers substantial benefits for maternal and infant health. This supports the continuation and potential expansion of Tdap vaccination practices among pregnant women in Vietnam.