NGHIÊN CỨU TÍNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA VI KHUẨN GÂY VIÊM PHỔI Ở TRẺ 2 THÁNG ĐẾN 5 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI NGHỆ AN NĂM 2021

Abstract

Objective: To describe the situation of antibiotic resistance of bacteria in the treatment of pneumonia in children 2 months to 5 years old at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital in 2021. Methods: Prospective, descriptive case series. Results: The study showed that children in the 2-12 month age group had the highest incidence of Pneumonia (65.5%). Male/Female Ratio: 1.8/1.0. Severe pneumonia accounted for 82.2% of the total number of hospitalized children; The rate of antibiotic use before hospitalization was 51.1. The rate of self-administering antibiotics at home when children had pneumonia was still high (17.8%). The culture results showed that the pathogenic rate of Gram (-) H.influenzae group was 73.3%, the Gram (+) group was S.pneumoniae was 26.7%. H.Influenzae is highly resistant to Ampicillin, Ampicillin-Sulbactam, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid groups, respectively 98.5%, 95.5%, 78.8%. The rate of resistance to Cefuroxime, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone was 97%, 33.3%, 22.7%, 21.2%, respectively. Azithromycin rate is 75.8%. Imipenem resistance has been recorded with the rate of 3%. S.Pneumoniae has a high rate of 100% resistance to Azithromycin, Erythromycin, and Clarithromycin. Next is Tetracycline with 79.2%. The rates of resistance to Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, and Chloramphenicol were 45.8%, 41.7%, and 12.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The antibiotic resistance of bacteria to some groups of broad-spectrum antibiotics is increasing. Improper use of antibiotics and overuse of antibiotics increase the rate of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria.