ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ RANIBIZUMAB TIÊM NỘI NHÃN ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁI HOÁ HOÀNG ĐIỂM TUỔI GIÀ THỂ TÂN MẠCH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and the effectiveness of intravitreal Ranibizumab treatment. Materials and methods:  This cross-sectional clinical study was conducted on 36 patients (36 eyes) diagnosed with nAMD and treated with Ranibizumab at Bach Mai Hospital from June 2023 to June 2024. Data collected included patient characteristics (age, gender, occupation, medical history), lesion characteristics based on clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, visual acuity (LogMAR), and central retinal thickness before and after treatment. Results: The mean age of patients was 67.08 ± 9.57 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The 36 nAMD eyes included 14 with occult choroidal neovascularization (CNV), 12 with classic CNV, and 10 with mixed CNV. The mean baseline visual acuity was 1.32 ± 0.46 LogMAR, and the mean central retinal thickness was 349.3 ± 103.27 µm. After treatment, visual acuity improved to 1.0 ± 0.05 LogMAR, and central retinal thickness decreased to 252.1 ± 10.14 µm. A significant visual acuity improvement was observed in 69.5% of patients, while 19.4% showed moderate improvement. A correlation between treatment outcomes and lesion size and CNV morphology was noted. Conclusion: Neovascular AMD is a leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. Intravitreal Ranibizumab is an effective treatment for improving visual acuity and reducing macular edema. OCT plays a crucial role in diagnosing, monitoring, and prognosticating the disease.