KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH MẠCH MÁU HẮC MẠC DẠNG POLYP TRÊN OCT

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the retinal lesion characteristics on color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) attending the Ho Chi Minh Eye Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive case series study was conducted, including 54 eyes of 53 PCV patients, from January 2024 to September 2024. Results: The mean age was 60.8 ± 10.5 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.65:1. Hypertension was the most common systemic condition, affecting 35 patients (66.0%). Most patients (n = 53, 98.1%) had unilateral involvement. The most common symptom was blurred vision (94.4%). The primary clinical findings were subretinal hemorrhage, observed in 43 eyes (87.0%), and orange yellow nodules in 39 eyes (72.2%). Most polypoidal lesions were located in the macular region, detected in 29 eyes (74.4%). On OCT images, multilobular retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) detachment (92.6%) and a ring-like lesion beneath the RPE detachment (88.9%) were the most common findings, while the presence of a complex retinal pigment epithelium elevation on en face OCT (37%) was the least common. The majority of cases showed subretinal fluid (85.2%), with 85.2% having subretinal fluid and 25.9% having intraretinal fluid. Conclusion: In this study, the majority of patients were male and had unilateral PCV. Retinal pigment epithelial detachment and subretinal hemorrhage were the most common clinical findings. In the absence of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), OCT is a useful tool for diagnosing PCV.