PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI ĐIỀU TRỊ U BUỒNG TRỨNG: ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of ovarian tumors using laparoscopic surgery at Hanoi General Hospital. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 265 patients diagnosed with ovarian tumors and treated with laparoscopic surgery at Hanoi General Hospital from 2022 to January 2023. Data were collected from medical records, including clinical features, ultrasound findings, tumor markers (CA-125, HE4, AFP), ROMA index, surgical methods, histopathological results, and postoperative complications. Results: Ovarian tumors were most common in the 20–29 age group (34.3%). The predominant symptoms were lower abdominal pain (76.6%) and menstrual disorders (15.1%). Tumor size ranged mostly from 5 to 10 cm (74.3%). The most frequent ultrasound finding was hyperechoic masses (51.7%). Most patients had normal tumor marker levels. Cystectomy was the primary surgical approach in patients under 40 years old with tumors sized 5–10 cm. Salpingo-oophorectomy was more common in patients aged ≥50 years (53.8%). The most frequent complication was ovarian torsion (7.5%), with no intraoperative or postoperative adverse events. Histopathology showed that the majority of tumors were benign, most commonly dermoid cysts (63%); malignant tumors accounted for only 0.4%. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment for benign ovarian tumors. The combination of clinical assessment, ultrasound, and tumor markers aids in accurate surgical decision-making. This study contributes to clarifying the clinical patterns of ovarian tumors at a general hospital and reinforces the role of laparoscopy in treatment.