ĐÁNH GIÁ MÔ HÌNH DỊCH TỄ BỆNH TAY CHÂN MIỆNG TỈNH VĨNH LONG NĂM 2024

Abstract

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Vinh Long province. The disease not only affects the health of children, particularly those under five years of age, but also imposes economic burdens on families, as caregivers must allocate time for the care of affected children. Therefore, understanding the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of HFMD is essential for guiding effective communication strategies, outbreak prevention, and public health interventions. Objective: To determine the incidence rate of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Vinh Long province in 2024; and to describe the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in the province during the same year. Subjects and Research Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with analytical components was conducted on 1,917 HFMD cases reported through the Ministry of Health's infectious disease surveillance system. Reported data were verified and recorded in the official case registry, followed by implementation of appropriate outbreak response measures. Results: In 2024, the incidence of HFMD was 310 cases per 100,000 population. Most cases were classified as grade 1 or grade 2a. The highest incidence was observed among children aged 1-3 years, with a predominance among boys. Compared to 2023, both the number of HFMD cases and severe cases decreased in 2024. Conclusion: The incidence of HFMD in Vinh Long province decreased following the outbreak in 2023. However, the potential re-emergence of new viral strains, climate change, and public complacency remain key risk factors that may contribute to a future resurgence of the disease.