ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ U XƠ MẠCH VÒM MŨI HỌNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TAI MŨI HỌNG TRUNG ƯƠNG, 2024–2025

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) at the National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital from 2024 to 2025. Subjects and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on six male patients, mostly aged 8–18 years (83.3%), diagnosed with JNA at the National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital from January 2024 to May 2025. Data were collected from medical records, including clinical symptoms, endoscopy findings, imaging results (CT, MRI, angiography), and treatment outcomes. Results: Common symptoms included severe epistaxis (83.3%), bilateral nasal obstruction (83.3%), and bloody nasal discharge (83.3%). Endoscopic examination revealed tumors located at the posterior nasal aperture (100%) and nasopharynx (50%). Tumor sizes ranged from 2–3 cm in 66.7% of patients; 83.3% were classified as stage I–II according to the Fish classification. Preoperative embolization was performed in 83.3% of patients, with feeding arteries originating from the sphenopalatine artery (60%) and internal maxillary artery (40%). Endoscopic surgery was performed in all patients (100%), with hospitalization lasting 4–14 days. No severe postoperative complications were recorded, and the recurrence rate after 3 months was 16.7%. Conclusion: JNA primarily affects young males, presenting with characteristic symptoms such as epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Endoscopic surgery combined with preoperative embolization is an effective and safe treatment method, with a 0% complication rate and a 3-month recurrence rate of only 16.7%. Early diagnosis and regular follow-up are essential for recurrence monitoring and improving treatment outcomes.