ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC TÚI NGOẠI BÀO TỪ TẾ BÀO GỐC MÔ MỠ LÊN SỰ TĂNG SINH VÀ DI CƯ CỦA TẾ BÀO UNG THƯ VÚ MCF-7

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies and a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising source for regenerative therapies, particularly in autologous fat grafting following tumor excision. Recent studies highlight the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by ADSCs as key mediators of intercellular communication, potentially influencing tumor cell behavior. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ADSC-derived EVs on the proliferation and migration capacity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: EVs were isolated from serum-free conditioned medium of ADSCs and introduced to MCF-7 cultures. A scratch assay was employed to assess cell migration, while quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze the expression of two key cytoskeletal-regulating genes: CDC42 and RhoA. Results: The scratch assay demonstrated a significant reduction in wound closure rate in EV-treated groups (~24–31%) compared to controls (DMEM and StemMACS, ~47–56%), indicating inhibited cell motility. qPCR results showed a mild increase in CDC42 expression and a striking upregulation of RhoA (approximately 132-fold), suggesting post-transcriptional or translational mechanisms may modulate cellular behavior independently of mRNA expression levels. Conclusion: ADSC-derived EVs inhibit the migration of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro. Despite upregulation of RhoA, the observed suppression of motility suggests complex regulatory pathways beyond gene transcription. These findings support the potential application of ADSC EVs as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy in breast cancer treatment, warranting further investigation into underlying molecular mechanisms.