NGHIÊN CỨU DỊCH TỄ HỌC, TRIỆU CHỨNG LÂM SÀNG VÀ X QUANG Ở BỆNH NHÂN GÃY XƯƠNG HÀM DƯỚI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN RĂNG HÀM MẶT TRUNG ƯƠNG THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

Introduction: Mandibular fracture is a common maxillofacial injury that significantly affects mastication and aesthetics. Describing clinical and radiographic features before treatment helps in accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and radiographic characteristics of patients with mandibular fractures at National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology in Ho Chi Minh City. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 82 patients with mandibular fractures from April 2025 to May 2025 at National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology in Ho Chi Minh City. Epidemiological variables, clinical symptoms, and radiographic findings were recorded before surgery. Results: Mandibular fractures were most commonly seen in males (69.52%) aged 18-39 years (51.22%), primarily caused by traffic accidents (93.9%). Common clinical symptoms include limited mouth opening (100%), malocclusion (96.34%), and bone margin discontinuity (70.73%). Radiographic findings revealed that most fractures were complete (96.86%) with significant displacement (89.31%), commonly occurring in the symphysis (36.48%) and condylar (31.45%) regions, with the majority involving multiple fracture lines (65.85%). Mandibular fractures in the angle region were associated with impacted third molars in 66.67% of cases. Conclusion: Mandibular fractures are more common in males, particularly in the adult group, and are primarily caused by traffic accidents. Common clinical symptoms include pain, malocclusion, and limited mouth opening. Common fracture sites are the symphysis and condyle regions. Third molars have a statistically significant association with mandibular fractures in the angle region.