NGHIÊN CỨU GIÁ TRỊ CHỈ SỐ MCV, MCH TRONG SÀNG LỌC TÌNH TRẠNG MANG GEN BỆNH TAN MÁU BẨM SINH Ở PHỤ NỮ MANG THAI NGƯỜI DÂN TỘC THIẾU SỐ TẠI MỘT SỐ XÃ HUYỆN ĐỒNG HỶ, TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Objective: To determine the level of the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) indices in screening for thalassemia carriers among pregnant women in Dong Hy district, Thai Nguyen province, in 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 300 pregnant women in Dong Hy district. Results: The prevalence of thalassemia carriers was 23.7%, including 18% with alpha-thalassemia, 4.7% with beta-thalassemia, and 1% with HbE. The mean MCV and MCH levels in the thalassemia carrier group were 76.8 ± 3.20 fL and 24.2 ± 2.83 pg, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of thalassemia carrier among pregnant women of ethnic minorities in the study area remains high. An MCV cutoff value of 80 fL showed high effectiveness in screening for true-negative cases and Hb Constant Spring (HbCS), but was less effective in detecting α⁺ thalassemia and HbE genotypes. An MCH cutoff value of 27 pg demonstrated near-perfect effectiveness in screening for thalassemia carrier status in this population group.