HÌNH THÁI CHÂN RĂNG VÀ ỐNG TỦY RĂNG CỐI NHỎ THỨ HAI HÀM DƯỚI Ở NGƯỜI VIỆT THEO PHÂN LOẠI MỚI: NGHIÊN CỨU TRÊN PHIM CHỤP CẮT LỚP ĐIỆN TOÁN CHÙM TIA HÌNH NÓN

Abstract

Introduction: Determining the root canal morphology of mandibular second premolars in the Vietnamese population is crucial for achieving optimal outcomes in endodontic treatment and for documenting the general characteristics of these teeth in Vietnamese. Recently, Ahmed proposed a new classification system to describe complex root and canal configuration, addressing the limitations of Vertucci's classification. Objective: This study aimed to describe the root and  canal morphology of mandibular second premolars in Vietnamese individuals using Ahmed’s classification system (2017). Additionally, the study sought to analyze differences in these characteristics based on various age groups and gender. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional  study utilizing pre-existing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City. The root and canal morphology of mandibular second premolars was classified according to Ahmed’s system (2017). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0 with descriptive and inferential statistics, with a significance level set at 0.05. Results: All (100%) mandibular second premolars (R5D) in this study presented with a single root. The most common canal configuration was ¹R5D¹ (97.5%), followed by ¹R5D^1-2-1 (1.5%). Rare configurations such as ¹R5D^1-2, ¹R5D^1-2-1-2, ¹R5D^1-2-3-2-1, and ¹R5D^1-2-1-2-1 were also observed, each with a prevalence below 0.5%. Root grooves and C-shaped canals were observed in 3.7% and 0.8% of cases, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in the root canal morphology of mandibular second premolars based on different age groups or gender. Conclusion: Mandibular second premolars in the Vietnamese population predominantly have a single root and a single canal, although a small percentage exhibit complex canal anatomies. No significant morphological differences were noted across age groups or gender. Ahmed’s new classification system proves useful for documenting complex root canal configurations.