KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ BƯỚU NHÂN TUYẾN GIÁP LÀNH TÍNH BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐỐT VI SÓNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA NÔNG NGHIỆP

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with benign thyroid nodules and to evaluate the treatment outcomes of microwave ablation at general hospital of agriculture. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 51 patients diagnosed with benign thyroid nodules (≥ 3 cm) who underwent microwave ablation from January 2024 to May 2025. Patients were evaluated clinically, by ultrasound, and with thyroid function tests before and after intervention (at 1, 3, and 6 months). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0, with paired samples t-tests employed for pre- and post-treatment comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: After 6 months, the symptom score decreased from 5,54 ± 2,54 to 1,02 ± 0,91, and the cosmetic score improved from 3,43 ± 0,83 to 1,08 ± 0,39 (p < 0,001). The mean nodule volume was reduced by 94,7%, from 12,15 ± 13,91 ml to 0,59 ± 0,53 ml. Grade III vascularity decreased from 72,5% to 0%. The main adverse events included localized pain or ear discomfort (17,7%), mild skin burns (3,9%), and transient hypothyroidism (1,9%), with no cases of recurrence. Conclusion: Microwave ablation is a highly effective, minimally invasive technique for reducing nodule volume and improving both symptoms and cosmetic outcomes, with low complication rates and preservation of thyroid function.