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CUTANEOUS BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY
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Abstract
Objectives: To describe the age, sex characteristics, histopathological features, and the ratio between histological subtypes of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) according to the 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) classification update. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 60 surgical specimens diagnosed as BCC from July 2022 to July 2024. Results: The age range of BCC patients was 39 to 98 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:2. Low-risk BCC accounted for 68.33%, while high-risk BCC comprised 31.67%. The highest proportion of tumors (61.67%) was located in the H-zone of the face. The rates of vascular invasion, perineural invasion (PNI), pigmentation, elastotic fiber degeneration, and ulceration were 0%, 10%, 93.3%, 80%, and 55%, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between PNI and depth of invasion (DOI) with BCC histological subtypes, as well as between PNI, elastotic fiber degeneration and DOI. Conclusions: Histological subtypes and histopathological features of BCC play a key role in assessing tumor biological behavior and guiding precise treatment strategies.
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Keywords
Basal cell carcinoma, low-risk BCC, high-risk BCC.
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