HIỆU QUẢ CỦA CÁC PHƯƠNG PHÁP TÁI THÔNG MẠCH MÁU Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH NHỒI MÁU NÃO CẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN E

Abstract

Background: Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Early vascular recanalization is an effective treatment strategy that improves survival and functional outcomes. In Vietnam, real-world data on clinical characteristics and outcomes of reperfusion therapies at central hospitals remain limited. Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing vascular reperfusion at E Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 81 patients treated for acute ischemic stroke at E Hospital between November 2020 and March 2023. Data were collected from medical records, brain CT imaging, clinical scoring, and follow-up at 3 months. Results: Hypertension was the most common risk factor (64.2%), followed by prior ischemic stroke (22.2%) and diabetes mellitus (14.8%). Early brain CT changes were observed in 40.7% of patients and were significantly associated with higher NIHSS scores (p = 0.048). Intravenous thrombolysis was used in 65.5% of cases, mechanical thrombectomy in 8.6%, and combination therapy in 25.9%. The rate of good functional recovery (mRS 0–2 at 3 months) did not differ significantly between treatment groups (p = 0.742). Favorable prognostic factors included age ≤ 60 years, NIHSS < 10 at admission, and onset-to-needle time ≤ 180 minutes. Conclusion: Reperfusion therapies yield comparable outcomes when performed timely. The study highlights the importance of early assessment, risk stratification, and individualized treatment strategies in improving functional outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam.