KHẢO SÁT CÁC ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN BỆNH LÝ RỐI LOẠN LIPID MÁU TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC VÕ TRƯỜNG TOẢN NĂM 2025

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is increasingly prevalent in Vietnam, particularly among individuals with overweight and obesity. This condition has emerged as a significant public health burden due to its strong association with cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics, paraclinical features, and contributing factors associated with dyslipidemia at Vo Truong Toan University Hospital. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 150 patients diagnosed with dyslipidemia at Vo Truong Toan University Hospital from April 2025 to June 2025. Results: Among the 150 patients with dyslipidemia, the majority exhibited a sedentary lifestyle (92%), obesity (76.7%), hypertension (76.7%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (66.7%), and increased waist circumference (66.7%). The most prevalent lipid abnormality was hypertriglyceridemia (58%), followed by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (14.7%) and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (8%). Obesity significantly increased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 20.10; p < 0.001) and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 7.60; p = 0.024). Both increased waist circumference and elevated visceral fat percentage were significantly associated with elevated triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.01). No statistically significant association was found between acanthosis nigricans, hepatic steatosis, and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common lipid disorder (58%), followed by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (14.7%) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (8%). General obesity and abdominal obesity markedly increased the risk of dyslipidemia (p < 0.05). Notably, a high visceral fat ratio was associated with a significantly increased risk of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 15.32; 95% confidence interval: 2.00–117.45, p = 0.001).