ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VỠ XẸP ĐỐT SỐNG LƯNG TRONG ĐỘ TUỔI TỪ 20 – 50 BẰNG BƠM XI MĂNG SINH HỌC DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN CHỤP SỐ HÓA XÓA NỀN

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of the lesions and the treatment outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) using biological cement under digital subtraction angiography (DSA) guidance in patients aged 20-50 years at Ha Giang General Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A longitudinal descriptive study was conducted on 36 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures as confirmed on X-ray and MRI. These patients underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty from January 2021 to September 2025. Post-procedural outcomes were assessed after 3 months, focusing on pain relief and recovery. Results: The male/female ratio was 25/11. The average age was 40.6 ± 6.8 years. The main locations of the fractures were the thoracolumbar junction (54%) and the lumbar region (44%). Most patients had one vertebral body fracture (66.67%). The anterior vertebral body height increased from 30.05 ± 3.47 cm before the procedure to 32.82 ± 2.76 cm after 3 months (p < 0.001). All patients underwent a single pedicle puncture technique and non-balloon method. The average volume of cement used was 4.92 ± 0.71 ml. Cement leakage into the paravertebral veins occurred in 27.78% of patients. Function and pain symptoms improved significantly after the procedure, with most patients transitioning from moderate to severe dysfunction (ODI 41-80%) to mild dysfunction (ODI 0-20%) and being classified as "good" according to MacNab criteria. Conclusion: PVP under DSA guidance is a safe and effective technique for treating thoracic and lumbar vertebral compression fractures in young patients, helping to improve vertebral body height, reduce pain, and enhance motor function.