ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH BỆNH LÝ HẸP, TẮC ĐỘNG MẠCH CHI DƯỚI

Abstract

Introduction: Lower extremity arterial occlusive disease is a leading cause of chronic limb ischemia, significantly impairing quality of life and increasing the risk of limb loss if untreated. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a non-invasive, widely accessible imaging modality that enables rapid, detailed, and accurate assessment of the entire lower limb arterial system. Objective: To describe CTA imaging characteristics of stenosis and occlusion in lower limb arteries. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted on 40 patients with chronic lower limb ischemia who underwent CTA at Bach Mai Hospital from February 2024 to May 2024. Imaging features were analyzed regarding location, degree of stenosis/occlusion, calcification, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Results: Lesions were most frequently located in the femoral-popliteal segment (25.9%), infrapopliteal (22.3%), and aortoiliac (20%). Complete occlusion accounted for the highest proportion (39.2%), followed by stenosis >50% (19.5%). Vascular wall calcification was present in 41.7% of segments, with severe calcification in 68% and diffuse three-segment calcification in 27.5%. Thrombosis was found in 55% of cases, most commonly in the femoral-popliteal segment. Conclusion: CTA is a valuable modality in the assessment of lower extremity arterial stenosis and occlusion, allowing accurate identification of lesion location, severity, calcification, and thrombosis, thereby guiding effective treatment strategies.