KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TRẺ SINH NON DƯỚI 32 TUẦN TUỔI THAI TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC SƠ SINH BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1

Abstract

Background: Preterm infants born before 32 weeks face high risks of mortality and morbidity. While outcomes are well studied in developed countries, data from Vietnam remain limited. Objectives: To determine treatment outcomes of preterm infants < 32 weeks of gestation admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Children's Hospital 1. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from August 2024 to August 2025. Results: A total of 124 infants were enrolled, median gestational age 28.6 weeks and birth weight 1200 g; 32.3% were extremely preterm. Common symptoms were respiratory failure (97.6%), petechiae/mucosal hemorrhage (49.2%), shock (39.5%), and abdominal distension (34.7%). Main diagnoses included respiratory distress syndrome (59.7%), pneumonia (14.5%), necrotizing enterocolitis (12.9%), and congenital anomalies (14.5%). Treatments comprised antibiotics (100%), noninvasive ventilation (86.3%), invasive ventilation (74.2%), surfactant (53.2%), and pharmacological PDA closure (18.5%). Mortality was 20.2%, severe complications 47.6%, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia 45.2%. Median hospital stay was 43 days. Conclusions: Preterm infants < 32 weeks often required intensive respiratory support with high mortality and morbidity. Comprehensive strategies are needed to improve outcomes in this vulnerable group.