ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, AFB ĐỜM VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI ĐỘT BIẾN GEN RPOB TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN LAO PHỔI KHÁNG RIFAMPICIN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN LAO VÀ BỆNH PHỔI CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis remains a major challenge in tuberculosis control in Vietnam. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and sputum AFB results and to analyse their association with rpoB mutations in patients with RR-TB. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study involving 70 patients diagnosed with Rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated at Can Tho Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Hospital. Results: Individuals aged over 40 to 60 constituted the largest proportion across both sexes, with males representing the majority at 46,2%. The three most common symptoms were prolonged productive cough and hemoptysis (84,3%) and dyspnea (78,6%). Sputum AFB positivity was observed in 55,7% of cases. rpoB gene mutations were found to be significantly associated with prolonged cough (OR 8.91; p=0,004), haemoptysis (OR 5,31; p=0,025) and dyspnoea (OR 7,15; p=0,004), there was no association with anorexia, weight loss, low-grade fever or chest pain.Conclusion: Prolonged productive cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea are key respiratory symptoms that, when present in middle-aged male patients, may serve as early indicators of rpoB gene mutations in individuals with Rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.