ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VIÊM MÀNG NÃO NHIỄM KHUẨN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI THÁI BÌNH

Abstract

Bacterial meningitis is an acute, potentially purulent inflammation of the meninges, affecting the arachnoid and pia mater, subarachnoid space, and/or ventricles. Aim: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of bacterial meningitis in children at Thai Binh Pediatric Hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 130 children aged ≥1 month diagnosed with bacterial meningitis between March 2022 and March 2025. Results: Boy-to-girl ratio was 1.8/1, with a mean age of 63.6 ± 42.4 months. Common clinical manifestations included fever, vomiting, and headache or irritability. The rates of seizures and altered mental status was significantly higher in the severe group compared to the non-severe group. Elevated levels of blood leukocytes, neutrophils, and C-reactive protein were observed in 87.7%, 77.7%, and 56.9%, respectively. The mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cell count was 810 ± 95.9 cells/mm³. Children with severe disease had a higher prevalence of CSF white blood cell count >1000 cells/mm³ and protein concentration >1 g/L. Mean CSF glucose levels were lower in the severe group compared to the non-severe group. Conclusions: The majority of bacterial meningitis cases were classified as non-severe and presented with typical symptoms such as fever, vomiting, and headache or irritability. Indicators of severe disease include seizures, altered consciousness, CSF leukocyte count >1000 cells/mm³, CSF protein >1 g/L, and decreased CSF glucose levels