ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA NHIỄM SẮC MELANIN NƯỚU VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

Background: Gingival pigmentation is a major factor affecting smile aesthetics, especially in people with high smile lines. To achieve optimal treatment results, we need to understand the clinical characteristics and related factors. Objectives: Description of clinical characteristics of gingival pigmentation in patients at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2024 - 2025. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study of patients with gingival pigmentation who visited Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2024-2025. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and Spearman test were performed on SPSS 20. Results: The study was conducted on 25 patients with an average age of 22.8 ± 3.1 years with 17 males and 8 females. According to Ponnaiyan, 28% of gingival pigmentation was distributed in the attached gingiva and gingival papillae, 72% only in the gingival papillae. According to the DOPI index, 16% were mild, 36% were moderate and 48% were severe. There was a positive correlation between the skin color index and the DOPI index (Spearman's rho value was 0.915). And the difference was statistically significant with p<0.001. The difference between the DOPI index and age and the DOPI index and gender was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusions: The distribution of gingival pigmentation only in the gingival papilla accounted for the highest proportion (72%). The severity of gingival pigmentation according to DOPI accounted for the highest proportion (48%). There was a positive correlation between DOPI index and skin color