HỒI PHỤC SỨC NGHE Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐIẾC ĐỘT NGỘT CÓ KÈM ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYPE 2

Abstract

Objective: To provide an overview of hearing recovery in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) accompanied by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey and O'Malley framework, using the PRISMA-SCR checklist. Data were extracted from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Medline up to June 2025. Articles related to SSNHL in patients with Type 2 diabetes were selected based on clearly defined criteria. Results: Fifteen studies from Japan, China, and South Korea were analyzed. The majority were retrospective studies (60%), focusing mainly on patients aged 46–62 years with a history of diabetes lasting more than 5 years. The primary treatment method remained corticosteroid therapy administered through various routes, including systemic administration via intravenous infusion or oral intake, intratympanic injection, with some studies employing combination therapies and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Diabetes was identified as a poor prognostic factor for hearing recovery. Conclusion: Hearing recovery rates in patients with SSNHL and Type 2 diabetes are generally lower compared to those with SSNHL alone. The likelihood of hearing recovery is influenced by both current and historical glycemic control. Treatment approaches should be adjusted, with a preference for local therapies to minimize side effects.