ĐẶC ĐIỂM PHÂN BỐ VÀ KHÁNG THUỐC KHÁNG NẤM CỦA CANDIDA SPP PHÂN LẬP TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC CẤP CỨU, BỆNH VIỆN BỎNG QUỐC GIA LÊ HỮU TRÁC

Abstract

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics, antifungal resistance patterns, and mortality rates associated with Candida spp. isolated from severely burned patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the National Burn Hospital, Le Huu Trac. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 1262 clinical specimens (blood, urine, sputum, pus) collected from critically ill burn patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024. The isolates were identified and tested for susceptibility to five antifungal agents: fluconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, and amphotericin B. Results: Fungi were isolated from 30 clinical specimens (from 30 patients), including 13 blood samples, 15 urine samples, 1 wound pus sample, and 1 sputum sample. Candida tropicalis accounted for the majority (27/30 specimens, representing 90%) of the isolates, followed by C. albicans (6.67%) and C. parapsilosis (3.33%). Urine and blood were the main specimen types from which fungi were isolated, with respective rates of 11.45% and 2.82%. C. tropicalis showed a Fluconazole resistance rate of up to 51.9%, while the Echinocandin group and Amphotericin B remained effective in over 96% of samples. The highest mortality rate was recorded in patients with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections (50%). Conclusion: Candida tropicalis is the predominant species with high fluconazole resistance and is associated with increased mortality in severely burned patients. Regular microbiological surveillance and appropriate antifungal therapy selection are essential, especially in cases of candidemia in intensive care settings.