RỐI LOẠN NHẬN THỨC VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYP 2 SAU NHỒI MÁU NÃO

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following cerebral infarction and to analyze factors associated with the severity of cognitive impairment. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 56 patients with T2DM aged ≥50 years, with a history of cerebral infarction ≥3 months, who received inpatient or outpatient care at the National Geriatric Hospital and the Neurology Center of Bach Mai Hospital from November 2024 to June 2025. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Among the 56 patients with cognitive impairment, 78.6% had mild cognitive impairment, 21.4% had dementia. Memory was the most severely affected domain (92.9%), followed by executive function (64.3%) and visuospatial function (48.2%). A total of 71.4% of patients had impairments in two or more cognitive domains. Factors significantly associated with the severity of cognitive impairment included: age ≥70 years, low educational level, manual labor occupation, diabetes duration ≥2 years, HbA1c >8%, and poor treatment adherence (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In the study group, 78.6% of patients had mild cognitive impairment and 21.4% had dementia, with memory, executive, and visuospatial functions being the most affected. Effective blood glucose control and improved treatment adherence play an important role in slowing the progression to dementia.