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CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE COMPLICATIONS TREATED AT BAC KAN PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by chronic kidney disease (CKD) who were treated at Bac Kan Provincial General Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concurrent chronic kidney disease receiving treatment at Bac Kan Provincial General Hospital. Results: The mean age of participants was 62.7 ± 17.3 years, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2.19:1. The average duration of diabetes was 14.4 ± 5.5 years, and the mean duration of diabetic kidney disease was 6.7 ± 3.1 years. The most common diabetes-related complications were diabetic foot (64.0%) and diabetic retinopathy (62.0%). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.2 ± 3.67 kg/m²; average systolic blood pressure was 129.4 ± 16.1 mmHg; and average diastolic blood pressure was 76.6 ± 8.4 mmHg. Edema was observed in 18.0% of patients, and dyspnea in 10.0%. Among female patients, mild anemia was most prevalent (40.4%), while in male patients, the prevalence of severe, moderate, and mild anemia was 1.9%, 8.7%, and 41.7%, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose levels >10 mmol/L were found in 62.7% of patients, and HbA1c ≥ 7% in 48.0%. Regarding CKD staging: 4.0% were in stage 5, 4.7% in stage 4, 16.7% in stage 3b, 20.0% in stage 3a, and 27.3% each in stages 1 and 2. The albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was <30 mg/g in 38.0% of patients, 30–300 mg/g in 50.7%, and >300 mg/g in 11.3%. Conclusion: The majority of patients were elderly males with long-standing diabetes. Diabetic foot and retinopathy were the most commonly observed complications. Metabolic disorders (elevated triglycerides, fasting hyperglycemia, and HbA1c ≥ 7%) and anemia were prevalent. Most patients had early to moderate stages of CKD. Early detection and control of risk factors are essential to slow CKD progression and improve the effectiveness of diabetes management at the provincial level.
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Keywords
Diabetic chronic kidney disease, ACR, clinical characteristics, paraclinical characteristics.
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